Business Ethics and the 1989 Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Essay

Ethics are very important in the business world and to the general public. Ethics is defined as a system of moral principles or the rules of conduct recognized in respect to a particular class of human actions or a particular group. Using a moral compass should be a requirement for every CEO and executive. Any person who will have some impact on society needs to understand the difference between right and wrong. Since businesses touch such a large segment of our society, codes of ethics must be established and followed to protect the general public. In the following pages we will discuss the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill disaster and examine how it relates to (1) the state of business ethics since 2000, (2) examples of the classic†¦show more content†¦Including which mandated Security Exchange Commission, practitioners should be aware of, as well knowing the importance of laws in to which they are govern. In addition descriptions of â€Å"the classic schools of ethics, go lden rule, golden mean, utilitarianism† (Thorpe, 2010), and categorical imperative will be given; while also recognizing the challenges the journalist face in different field of media. Using this guide has allowed the researchers to gain a great deal of information about Exxon and their relationship with public relations. Business ethics since the beginning of this decade has been slowly eroding; if we are to believe what we see and hear in the media. Several times a day, one can view some derogatory piece of information concerning a business. However, it must also be considered that these companies are contributing to that stigma. There have been a variety of companies and individuals who have figured prominently in the media concerning their unethical behavior. Ethics is defined as a system of moral principles or the rules of conduct recognized in respect to a particular class of human actions or a particular group. Ethics and values are sometimes used interchangeably, but the main goal is to make sure that one is using a moral compass to help guide in the decision making process. One individual who figures prominently when it comes to ethics is the veritable Martha Stewart. Ms. Stewart had to step down from her own company because ofShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Significance of Ethics In Public Relations1442 Words   |  6 Pagesoverall goals of the organization. Ethics and Public Relations Ethics is the systematic analysis of right and wrong behavior. In public relations, ethics includes the practice of values such as honesty, openness, forthright communication, and integrity. Public relations has severally been labeled as manipulative, undemocratic, misleading, and phony. Ethical theory provides a guide to creating quality public relation strategies that encourage ethical business practice within organizations. PublicRead MoreThe Topic Of Sustainable Business Practices966 Words   |  4 PagesContemporary Management Unit Code: BB209 Student Name: Ahmed Idris Student ID No: MIT140612 Tutorial Time: Thursday 3.30- 4.30 Due Date: Friday 15 May This report will rationally and reasonably discuss the topic of sustainable business practices. Firstly this report will define what is meant by the term sustainability and its dimensions. Secondly examples will be provided to illustrate the ways in which ExxonMobil is operating in an ethical and sustainable manner. Thirdly this report willRead MoreExxonmobil Corporate Social Responsibility Essay2359 Words   |  10 PagesExxonMobil manage their interaction Exxon-Mobil is the world’s largest privately owned multi-national oil and gas company (Skjaerseth 2003). For companies as large as ExxonMobil, which possess considerable capital resources and are able to exert considerable power and influence, society is increasingly demanding that they behave in a socially responsible manner (Diara, Alilo, and McGuire 2004). There is a growing expectation that companies will adopt a business approach that illustrates responsibilityRead MoreExxon Mobil Essay1950 Words   |  8 PagesExxon Mobil Exxon Mobil is listed as one of the worldÂ’s largest fortune 500 companies according to Fortune Magazine, 2006. Because of its size, I became interested in this company for my research paper on corporate social responsibility. Read MoreAnalysis of Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Essay1737 Words   |  7 PagesMahalia Gauld January 18, 2011 MGMT 2850 Case Study #1- Exxon Valdez Situation in Brief: On March 24, 1989, an Exxon supertanker spilled 11 million gallons of oil while traveling through the pristine waters of Alaska’s Prince William Sound. The consequences of this spill were detrimental and continue to affect life today. The oil spill killed thousands of wildlife, extensively damaged a portion of the beautiful Alaskan environment, and eventually affected the economy to global proportionsRead MoreThe Rise Of The 19th Century1875 Words   |  8 Pagesnow was discovered, oil as a source of fuel. In 1901, a gigantic geyser of oil erupted from a drilling site at Spindletop Hill, Texas. The spout reached a height of more than 150 feet and produced close to 100,000 barrels a day. This was the most powerful â€Å"gusher† ever seen before by the world. Soon a thriving oil industry formed around the oil field at Spindletop. Many of our current oil companies can trace their roots back there, such as Gulf Oil, Texaco and Exxon. (staff H. , 2010)Read MoreExxon and Chad-Cameron Pipeline7344 Words   |  30 PagesUV0100 EXXONMOBIL AND THE CHAD CAMEROON PIPELINE In November 1999, ExxonMobil CEO Lee Raymond faced the potential collapse of the Chad/Cameroon Oil Pipeline project on which the company was about to embark. Both Royal Dutch/Shell and France’s TotalFinaElf, ExxonMobil’s partners in the Pipeline Consortium, had just withdrawn, citing environmental concerns among other things and leaving its future temporarily in doubt. This withdrawal delighted many environmental groups long opposed to the pipelineRead MoreThe Effects Of Avoiding The Rule With Clear Example1172 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract This paper is clarifying the effect of avoiding the rule with clear example, then presents different reason for why companies have to follow the rules and finally explain the social ethic statement from a company. Social and Ethical Responsibility We are living in 21 century, the age of innovation, growth, technology. Many companies and Multinational Corporation making the contract abroad to make more profit. Today, more people and nations are working togetherRead MoreEthics and Government2590 Words   |  11 PagesEthics and Government Angela M. Roberson SOC 120: Introduction to Ethics and Social Responsibility Professor Kay Green May 30, 2010 Ethics is defined as a set of principles of right conduct. It is also a theory or a system of moral values (Merriman/Webster online dictionary). Government Ethics is often times referred to an oxy-moron. The reason for this is that many believe that our government does not have ethics in decision making. In this paper I will attempt to analyze the links betweenRead MoreStudent: Business and Milton Friedman2896 Words   |  12 Pageswe can see that the business need to do the best to increase its profit which he called that is social responsibility. However the changing of the world has denied his idea of social responsibility of a business by figure out the demand from consumer or shareholder, high pressure of the globalization to business. All of that factors has change the culture and the vision of business in the last decade. In the other hand, Milton Friedman had a forever right idea which is a business must â€Å"stays within

The Importance Of Birthdays In American Culture - 1208 Words

In American culture, birthdays are an important event and celebrated in many ways. Birthdays are more than just singing â€Å"Happy Birthday†. Celebrating ones birthday whether it be a first birthday, a thirteenth birthday, a sixteenth birthday, a twenty first birthday or an fiftieth birthday are all often substantial and considered to be an accomplishment. Birthdays may just be any other day in any other culture but, the American culture does more to celebrate ones day of birth and often celebrates them by going over the top. A birthday, commonly known as an occasion, is a celebration of the day of which a person was born. The definition may seem simple but, Americans make a an ordinary day something extraordinary. A first birthday in†¦show more content†¦Years with more responsibility and something every kid looks forward too. For some reason being a teenager is so much cooler than being an eleven or twelve year old. Celebrations often include friends and more exp ensive parties that symbolize growing up. Im talking about sleeping over a friends house for a night to eat a whole bunch of junk food, watch scary movies and stay up super late. Weird, right? Although the celebration of a thirteenth birthday are comparable to those of previous years, once a person turns sixteen, its like a whole new world. In the American culture a sixteenth birthday is where a teenager starts to transition into an adult. Most of the time girls celebrate the beginning of becoming a woman with a huge party called a â€Å"Sweet 16†. A sweet 16 is thrown to show how beautiful of a girl she has become and what an amazing woman she will become. This event can either be formal or in formal but normally consist of bright colored, long, puffy dresses that help the girl stand out from her guests. The number of guests normally range from 70 to 200. But, I could only imagine how expensive this actually is. Paying for, what sounds like an expensive dress, to paying for a venue, to paying to feed guests and even decorations to go along with a possible theme can most definitely add up and seems to be just way over the top for a birthday party. Although gifts are given and oftenShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Jhumpa Lahiri s The Namesake, Ashoke And Ashima Ganguli1666 Words   |  7 PagesEmbracing Culture Immigrants to America face a major challenge when they first arrive. These immigrants from all different backgrounds and cultures feel like outsiders in America because the culture they have been immersed in their entire lives is no longer present in America. In Jhumpa Lahiri’s The Namesake, Ashoke and Ashima Ganguli come to the United States after they have lived in India for nearly thirty years. Ashoke and Ashima are only familiar with the Bengali customs and traditions; theyRead MoreHeritage Assessment1246 Words   |  5 PagesEvery culture is different and perceives the world differently. 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There are many influencesRead MoreAge Rituals For Females : The Bat Mitzvah, The Quinceanera, And The Sunrise Ceremony1422 Words   |  6 PagesThe ride around the Sun starts the day we are born, and each time we have made a full revolution we celebrate a birthday. Interestingly enough, cultures around the world have decided that after so many birthdays, a child has reached the coming of age and is celebrated through some type of ritual. I quote the coming of age because it is practiced differently from culture to culture. However, the underlying similarity is that it marks the time in which a child has reached a milestone in life thatRead MoreA Description of Cultural Patterns973 Words   |  4 Pageselements that address the manner in which a culture orients itself to activities, social relations, the self, the world and the passage of time. In the following reflection I will identify each one of these dimensions with the cultural patterns shown in my country. Starting with the activity orientation, which defines how the people of a culture view human actions and the expression of self through activities, we can identify the Puerto Rican culture as a â€Å"becoming† one. A â€Å"becoming† orientationRead MoreA Description of Cultural Patterns979 Words   |  4 Pageselements that address the manner in which a culture orients itself to activities, social relations, the self, the world and the passage of time. In the following reflection I will identify each one of these dimensions with the cultural patterns shown in my country. Starting with the activity orientation, which defines how the people of a culture view human actions and the expression of self through activities, we can identify the Puerto Rican culture as a â€Å"becoming† one. A â€Å"becoming† orientationRead MoreDifferent Cultures Around The World867 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many cultures around the world, each with a unique set of characteristics. For example, I identify myself as a Korean-American. Education and family is valued over the individual. We hold the superstition that shaking one’s leg means shaking away one’s luck. As a Korean-American, we believe that our elders should be respected. For example, when we see an elder, we bow and say hello. Birthday celebrations for immediate family members and relatives include eating seaweed soup to promoteRead MoreIvan Miranda, A Native Of Acapulco, Mexico868 Words   |  4 Pagesgeneration of his family in America, therefore, a majority of the answers are of direction of his family’s values towards his grandparents and the ethics that are taught by them. In addition, I came to understand more about his family’s thoughts on the importance of elderlies, along with the loss of their heritage’s way of life towards the elders. Ivan and his siblings were raised to love and respect their elders. The elders are the origin of the family and without the elders, none of them would be hereRead MoreThe Intentional Family By Malery Wahlin1627 Words   |  7 Pagesthe early twentieth century, Americans turned a corner in family life, never to go back. By the 1950’s, the Psychological Family had largely replaced the Institutional Family as the cultural norm in American. The chief goals of families were no longer stability and security but rather the satisfaction of individual family members. Men and women’s roles ideally were â€Å"separate but equal.† This emergence threatened historical family values by reversing the importance of the individual and the familyRead MoreGeorge Orwell s The Great Gatsby 1684 Words   |  7 Pagessignificance of these early birthdays and sporting success. One would have two trace back to the beginning of one’s sporting carrier to discover the answer. The typical cut off for age groups in sporting leagues is January first. Children playing sports with birthdays closer to the first typically do better due to maturity. This slight advantage leads them to getting better training and coaching and ultimately giving them a bigger advantage. This advantage grows until the lat er birthdays simply cannot keep

Women Vs. Oppression The Continuous Struggle For Equality

Women vs. Oppression: The Continuous Struggle for Equality â€Å"Then, and not until then, will there be the perfect comradeship, the ideal union between the sexes that shall result in the highest development of the race† (Susan B Anthony). Feminism has evolved into our society in a slowly but remarkably life-changing way. Since the beginning of time, men have been deemed superior over women for the anatomy of their bodies and intellectual abilities. In the 21st century, patriarchal abuse has lessened and may not be practiced by women anymore; however, feminist (women and men) are fighting against these controversial roles implemented to them by society and culture. Many have the urge to presume that a feminist is a stereotypical man-hating activist who believes all the troubles in the world are caused by men. Feminism is anything but a stereotype; in fact the definition of feminism is â€Å"the advocacy of women’s rights on the grounds of political, social, and econom ic equality to men.† Equality is the main aspect that ties feminist together through the hardships of the developing society. Feminist perspectives therefore challenge and explore patriarchal interests implemented in women’s ability to express themselves and the quality of their lives. Fundamentally, feminist analysis intends to closely examine how male dominance and female advocacy manifest themselves in specific angles of society. 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Family Law in Singapore Womens Rights

Question: Describe about the Family Law in Singapore of Womens Rights. Answer: Marriage cannot be spared under some circumstances. On the off chance that you've chosen to petition for a separation, the laws of Singapore have to be comprehended. In Singapore, the reasons for separation are unique compared to other countries. The reason for separation in Singapore are unique in relation to in numerous different nations :( Leong, 1997). The stand out ground for separation in Singapore is when the marriage has irretrievably separated and to exhibit this you should prove one of the accompanying: If the defendant had committed Infidelity. For this to be valid, a special report must be given by a private examiner and the claim is null and avoided in the event you continue living with your partner for six months after the incident. A conduct which is not accepted. This can incorporate verbal and physical abuse, betting or anything that makes marriage to be unfortunate. When the partners had a mutual agreement to separate and this has gone past 3 years. When the partners have separated for four years even if only 1 party looks for separation. More than two years of desertion. This can happen when your spouse has left for another country for more than two years and you cannot trace them (Leong, 1997). For this situation, Cindy can't decline to assent on Henry's application since they had engaged in verbal abuses and Henry had been away for over four years hence, Henry has a right to apply for divorce. The custody of the child The custody of the child is in some cases a standout amongst the most petulant issues in a divorce. In womens charter, a child is a person under 21 years. The Guardianship of Infant Act is the principle statute representing child care in Singapore it is supplemented by the Women's Charter alongside the Administration of Muslim Law Act. The law of authority applies to each individual in Singapore, paying little mind to whether one is Muslim or non-Muslim (Amirthalingam, 2005). In choosing the sort of authority request in Singapore, the standard of welfare rule is applied by the judges, where the ideal course of action is determined by the child best interest. The Social Welfare Report is the commonly used report. This reports are always requested by the court for disagreements regarding the parent who should be given the custody of the child, and they are arranged by officers from the Ministry of Community Development and Sports. The child is talk to and examined by the officers and they determine the parent whom the child is more conversant with (Lauer, 2004). Other factors which are considered before the custody is made are: The essential parental figure of the youngster amid his/her developmental years The present living plans The youngster's desires The guardian's desires The age of the youngster The guardians' money related capacity Presence of family backing In any case, it ought to be noticed that the Court would not organize the guardians' desires and likings over the welfare of the child. Likewise, the guardian with a higher budgetary capacity does not as a matter of course give him/her an edge in custodial game plans (Thean D.S, 2001). In Singapore, mothers are honored for the care and control of the child. It is frequently a tough assignment for fathers to battle for full care and control of the child. Unless the request made by the father is accepted by the mother, or the tyke is at an age where he/she can express obviously to the Court his/her yearning to stay with the father, it is rare for the court to offer the father the control of the baby unless it is uncommon cases where the mother is abusive or neglects her responsibility to the child. Access is conceded to the guardian who is not given care and control of the kid, ordinarily the fathers. The beginning stage of access requests is the assumption that the tyke ought to have admittance to the non-custodial guardian thusly get to is helpful for the kid. Consequently the dispute regularly lies in the quantum of access to be given. This is particularly since the Women's Charter does not stipulate the measure of access time a guardian ought to be given with his/her youngster (Weitzman, 1985). Looking at the current conditions and also condition on the women charter, Cindy will have the custody of the child and Henry will have the access of the child. This is due to the speculations stated in the law where mothers interest comes first unless the child is able to express herself and the child is only 7 years. Cindy has also been providing for the child since Henry left hence she can manage to provide for her child (Weitzman, 1985). Womens charter under section 69, one can apply for maintenance: For your child from the other guardian, in the event that he or she dismisses or declines to furnish your child with sensible upkeep; For yourself from your husband if your husband has refused to provide reasonable assistance When you are under full time study you can ask for maintenance from your husband The Court can likewise make support orders for a spouse and kids in pending separation procedures, or as a feature of conclusive requests in the auxiliary matters in separation procedures under the Women's Charter. Under the Women's Charter, the obligation of keeping up the youngsters lies with both guardians. This doesn't change if the guardians divorce, or if the youngsters now live with only one guardian. The Court typically arranges the guardian without consideration and control to pay the kids' upkeep to the guardian with consideration and control (Lauer, 2004). The Court is compelled by a sense of honor to consider every one of the circumstances of the case. Segments 69 and 114 determine some specific issues that the Court will consider. These include: The money related necessities of the spouse or youngster; The pay, procuring limit (assuming any), property and other money related assets of the spouse or tyke; Any physical or mental inability of the spouse or youngster; and The age of every gathering to the marriage and the term of the marriage. You, and additionally the respondent to your application, will be requested that deliver the pertinent reports in Court to empower the Judge to settle on a choice on the fitting measure of support to be requested. Reasons for making a will It is vital for you to make a will in light of the fact that if you dont, and you die what happens to your property will be decided by the law of intestacy. A will can guarantee that legitimate courses of action are made for your dependents and that your property is disseminated in the way you wish after you die , subject to specific privileges of companions/common accomplices and children (Thean D.S, 2001). Intestate is a person who dies without a will, this means that the law of administrator ensures your estate, or everything that you own, is distributed. This can only be done when the administrators are granted permission by the Grant of the Representation. Testator is a male who has made his will and for a female it is a testatrix. Testate is a person who dies having signed a valid will. For this person, all possessions will be distributed as stated in the will. The executor or the executors mentioned in the will are responsible for the distribution of this properties. Joint Property Joint property is property that is owned by two or more people, such as land and bank accounts. The right of survivorship is included in the joint property meaning that when one joint owner dies, the ownership of the property passes to the surviving joint owner or owners. Joint property with the right of survivorship does not form the part of deceased person property and cannot be disposed of under a Will. A will can be signed by any individual who is 18 years of age and above and is not mentally challenged. When making a will, one must be conversant with the figurers and the amount of the asset that will be given to the beneficiary named on the will. You must also be of sound minded for the will to be considered (Fox Kelly, 1995). When a free form is filled from any force or undue influence practiced by an individual, then a court can confirm a will. A will is always prepared by the lawyer and the lawyer ensures that The intentions are stated clearly in the will He advices on terms and content of the will The requirements needed for valid will are met There are some properties which are not included in the will. This are registered retirement saving plans and also insurance policy. The executor is not responsible for dealing with this type of property and also the estate fees attached on it. The will made by Madeline was not valid. This is because she did not consider some essential terms in making her will she did not also consider the legal right of the spouse when making her will. Generally there is freedom of disposing your asset at will but the law in Singapore protects the right of the spouse hence the will made by Madeline is not valid (Thean D.S, 2001). If one pass away without the CPF nomination, the CPF is transferred to the Public Trustee for distribution and when one is single, the CPF is distributed among parents and when married the spouse receive the half and children share the remaining. The CPF monies goes to the government in the case where there is no relative around. CPF can be distributed separately when a nomination is made and it states the amount to be received. In this case Madeline parents remain the beneficiary of her CPF monies. Previously the nomination had been revoked by marriage but her re-nomination in 2010 make them valid for the CPF monies (Sherraden, at al, 1995). According to the will written by Madeline, her sister Trina is entitled to possess the flats. This is due to valid writings she jotted before any challenge is made. In her will Trina was given the flats, parents given the CPF and the husband given the paint. The flat was bought before marriage and she had no child. When Madeline had written a valid will according to the rule and guidance of Singapore, Joshua is the legit beneficiary of the flats by one half. According to the laws, if a person leaves a will and the spouse has never given up the right of the estate then the spouse is entitled to legal right share. This legal right share entitles the spouse one-half of the total estate when there is no child and one-third of estate when there is children. Any executor is obliged to provide this share without the spouse going to the court the spouse also have the advantage to take what is stated in the will or the legal right share. Therefore, Joshua will have six months to decide whether to take the paints stated on the will or to go for legal right share (Sherraden, at al, 1995). Reference list Leong, W. K. (1997).Principles of family law in Singapore. Butterworth- Leong, Kum, L. W. (2011).Singapore Women's Charter: 50 Questions. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. Leong, W. K. (2008). Fifty years and more of the Women's Charter of Singapore.Singapore Journal of Legal Studies, 1-24. Amirthalingam, K. (2005). Women's rights, international norms, and domestic violence: Asian perspectives.Human Rights Quarterly,27(2), 683-708. Lauer, R. H., Lauer, J. C. (2004).Marriage and family: The quest for intimacy. McGraw-Hill Companies. Ong, D. S. (1999). The Singapore family court: family law in practice. International Journal of Law, Policy and the Family,13(3), 328-349. Thean, V., Ong, D. S. L. (2001). 13. Family Law.Singapore Academy of Law Annual Review of Singapore Cases, (Annual Review 2001), 226. Weitzman, L. J. (1985).Divorce revolution. Free Press; Collier Macmillan. Neugebauer, R. (1989). Divorce, custody, and visitation: The child's point of view.Journal of Divorce,12(2-3), 153-168. Fox, G. L., Kelly, R. F. (1995). Determinants of child custody arrangements at divorce.Journal of Marriage and the Family, 693-708. Koh, B. S., Mitchell, O. S., Tanuwidjaja, T., Fong, J. (2008). Investment patterns in Singapore's central provident fund system.Journal of Pension Economics and Finance,7(01), 37-65. Sherraden, M., Nair, S., Vasoo, S., Liang, N. T., Sherraden, M. S. (1995). Social policy based on assets: The impact of Singapore's Central Provident Fund.Asian Journal of Political Science,3(2), 112-133.